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C11000 / C12200 Copper Bars & Flats
Product Overview
Copper Bars and Flats offered by R V Metal Corporation are manufactured using high-conductivity copper grades such as C11000 (ETP) and C12200 (DHP), ensuring excellent thermal, electrical, and mechanical performance. These products are widely used in electrical busbars, switchgear fabrication, earthing systems, power distribution components, industrial machinery, transformers, and precision engineering applications. With superior machinability, consistent dimensional accuracy, and uniform grain structure, our copper bars and flats provide outstanding formability, weldability, and long-term durability even under demanding operating environments. Available in a wide range of thicknesses, widths, tempers, and edge profiles, they can be supplied in mill finish, drawn, or customized variants to meet OEM and project-specific requirements.
Technical Specifications
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Material Grades | C11000 (ETP Copper), C12200 (DHP Copper) |
| Forms Available | Rectangular Bars, Square Bars, Flats (Hot Rolled / Cold Drawn) |
| Dimensions |
Width: 10 mm – 300 mm Thickness: 2 mm – 60 mm Length: 1 m, 2 m, 3 m or Custom Cut-to-Length |
| Temper / Hardness | Soft (O), Half-Hard (H02), Hard (H04), Spring Temper (H08) |
| Manufacturing Process | Hot Rolled / Cold Drawn / Extruded / Precision Machined |
| Electrical Conductivity |
C11000: ≥ 100% IACS C12200: ≥ 85% IACS |
| Thermal Conductivity | ≈ 385–390 W/m·K (varies by grade) |
| Surface Finish | Mill Finish / Bright Drawn / Polished / Custom Finish |
| Tolerance | As per ASTM B152 / ASTM B187 / IS 191 / EN Standards |
| Corrosion Resistance | Excellent resistance to atmospheric, water, and industrial environments |
| Applications | Busbars, Earthing Strips, Electrical Components, Switchgear, Transformers, HVAC, Industrial Machinery |
Chemical Composition
| Grade | Copper (Cu) | Phosphorus (P) | Oxygen (O) | Other Impurities | Standard |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C11000 (ETP Copper) | ≥ 99.90% | — | 0.02% – 0.04% | ≤ 0.03% | ASTM B187 / B152 / IS 191 |
| C12200 (DHP Copper) | ≥ 99.90% | 0.015% – 0.040% | Deoxidized (Residual Oxygen ≤ 0.001%) | ≤ 0.03% | ASTM B152 / EN 12449 |
| C10200 (OFHC Copper) | ≥ 99.95% | — | ≤ 0.001% | ≤ 0.03% | ASTM B187 / ASTM B152 |
| C10300 (OFXLP Copper) | ≥ 99.95% | — | ≤ 0.001% | ≤ 0.03% | ASTM B187 |
UNS Codes & Grades
| UNS Code | Common Grade Name | Material Type | Key Characteristics | Typical Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C11000 | Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper (ETP) | High Conductivity Copper | Excellent electrical conductivity (≥ 101% IACS); suitable for busbars & electrical components | Busbars, Earthing Flats, Electrical Connectors, Switchgear Components |
| C12200 | Deoxidized High Phosphorus Copper (DHP) | Plumbing & General Engineering Grade | High corrosion resistance; excellent weldability & formability | Plumbing Components, Heat Exchanger Parts, Industrial Fabrication |
| C10200 | Oxygen-Free High Conductivity Copper (OFHC) | Premium High-Purity Copper | Ultra-high electrical & thermal conductivity; no hydrogen embrittlement | Electronics, High Vacuum Systems, Transformer Windings, Special Busbars |
| C10300 | Oxygen-Free Extra Low Phosphorus Copper (OFXLP) | Ultra-Pure Copper | Extremely low impurity levels; excellent for critical electrical applications | Semiconductor Equipment, Precision Electronics, High-Purity Conductors |
| C12000 | Phosphor-Deoxidized Copper | DLP Copper | Good cold-working properties; moderate conductivity | General Industrial Use, Copper Hardware, Formed Components |
Mechanical, Physical & Fabrication Properties
| Property | C11000 (ETP Copper) | C12200 (DHP Copper) | C10200 (OFHC Copper) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electrical Conductivity (% IACS) | 101% min | 85–90% | 101%+ |
| Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) | 390 | 325–340 | 390–400 |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 200–250 (Annealed) 240–300 (Hard) |
200–240 (Annealed) 240–280 (Hard) |
210–250 (Annealed) |
| Yield Strength (MPa) | 70–100 (Annealed) 200+ (Hard) |
60–90 (Annealed) 180+ (Hard) |
65–95 (Annealed) |
| Elongation (%) | 30–45% | 35–50% | 30–45% |
| Hardness (HV) | 45–60 (Annealed) 80–110 (Hard) |
40–55 (Annealed) 75–100 (Hard) |
45–60 (Annealed) |
| Melting Point (°C) | 1083°C | 1083°C | 1083°C |
| Density (g/cm³) | 8.94 | 8.94 | 8.94 |
| Weldability | Good (Avoid hydrogen-rich atmosphere) | Excellent (Phosphorus improves weldability) | Excellent |
| Brazing / Soldering | Excellent | Excellent | Excellent |
| Formability | Good | Excellent | Excellent |
| Corrosion Resistance | Good | High | High |
| Hydrogen Embrittlement Risk | High (ETP reacts with hydrogen) | None | None |
Common Names & International Identifiers
| Category | Identifier / Name | Description / Usage Context |
|---|---|---|
| Common Trade Names | ETP Copper, Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper | Most widely used copper grade for electrical applications (C11000). |
| Common Trade Names | DHP Copper, Phosphorus-Deoxidized Copper | Highly formable copper used for HVAC, fabrication, brazing (C12200). |
| Common Trade Names | OFHC Copper | Oxygen-free, high-conductivity copper used in high-purity or high-frequency systems (C10200). |
| International Identifier | UNS C11000 | Standard designation for ETP Copper (99.90% purity). |
| International Identifier | UNS C12200 | Standard designation for DHP Copper (Deoxidized). Common for busbars and flats. |
| European Standard | Cu-ETP (CW004A) | ETP copper designation under EN standards. |
| European Standard | Cu-DHP (CW024A) | DHP copper designation for fabrication and heat-transfer applications. |
| ISO / IEC Naming | High-Conductivity Copper | Used for electrical busbars, earthing strips, and power-distribution systems. |
| Industry Names | Copper Flats / Copper Strips | Flat-rolled copper used for busbars, earthing, switchgear, and transformers. |
| Industry Names | Copper Bars / Copper Bus Bars | Rectangular or square solid copper sections used for high-amperage current distribution. |
| Electrical Industry Name | Busbar Copper / Bus Copper | Bars and flats specifically manufactured for electrical conductivity and mechanical strength. |
| International Trade Name | High-Conductivity Copper Alloy | Used in global procurement and export documentation. |
Standards & International Equivalents
| Standard / Specification | Designation | Equivalent Grade / Description |
|---|---|---|
| ASTM (USA) | ASTM B152 | Standard specification for copper sheet, strip, plate & rolled bars (ETP, OFHC, DHP). |
| ASTM (USA) | ASTM B187 | Copper rod, bar & shapes for electrical conductivity (C11000, C12200). |
| EN (Europe) | EN 13601 | Copper rod, bar & profiles for electrical purposes (CW004A – Cu-ETP, CW024A – Cu-DHP). |
| EN (Europe) | EN 1652 | Copper sheet, strip & plate for general engineering purposes. |
| ISO Standards | ISO 1634 / ISO 197-1 | International designation for wrought copper materials & chemical compositions. |
| Indian Standard (IS) | IS 1897 | Specification for copper strip & sheet for electrical purposes. |
| Indian Standard (IS) | IS 14811 | Copper flats & conductors for electrical distribution (Busbars). |
| British Standard (BS) | BS EN 1652 / BS 2874 | Copper and copper alloy bars, flats & forgings (engineering grade equivalences). |
| Japanese Standard (JIS) | JIS H3100 / JIS H3140 | Wrought copper, strips & bars (C1100, C1220 equivalents). |
| UNS (Unified Numbering System) | C11000 / C12200 | Standard global equivalent for ETP & DHP copper bars and flats. |
| IEC (Electrical Industry) | IEC 60468 | Electrical copper conductors for busbar applications. |
| DIN (Germany) | DIN 40500 / DIN 17670 | Technical delivery conditions for copper strip, sheet & bars (Cu-ETP, Cu-DHP). |
Applications
| Application Category | Usage Description |
|---|---|
| Electrical Busbars | Used in power distribution panels, switchgear, MCCs, substations and transformers due to high conductivity and low energy loss. |
| Earthing & Grounding Systems | Copper flats used as earth strips for safe and reliable electrical grounding in industrial, commercial and residential installations. |
| Power Transmission Equipment | Applied in generators, UPS systems, battery banks and renewable energy systems for efficient current transfer. |
| Automotive & EV Components | Used in battery connectors, high-power links, charging assemblies and electric vehicle busbars. |
| Industrial Machinery | Used in furnaces, induction heating systems, welding machines and heavy-duty current-carrying assemblies. |
| Construction & Infrastructure | Used for architectural elements, structural supports, lightning protection and grounding grids. |
| Renewable Energy Systems | Applied in solar power plants, wind farms, inverters and energy storage systems for high-efficiency conduction. |
| Switchgear & Control Panels | Essential in LV & MV panel assemblies, breaker connections and control panel wiring frameworks. |
| Electroplating & Chemical Processing | Used as anodes and conductive plates due to corrosion resistance and uniform current distribution. |
| Railways & Transportation | Used in traction systems, power supply assemblies, railway signalling and locomotive electrical systems. |
Standard Copper Bars & Rods Dimensional Chart
| Diameter (mm) | Section Area (mm²) | Theoretical Weight (kg/m) | Available Grades | Temper |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | 28.27 | 0.252 | ETP (C11000), DHP (C12200), DLP (C12000) | Soft / Half-Hard / Hard |
| 8 | 50.27 | 0.448 | ||
| 10 | 78.54 | 0.700 | ||
| 12 | 113.10 | 1.010 | ||
| 16 | 201.06 | 1.790 | ||
| 20 | 314.16 | 2.800 | ||
| 25 | 490.87 | 4.370 | ||
| 32 | 804.25 | 7.150 | ||
| 40 | 1256.64 | 11.180 | ||
| 50 | 1963.50 | 17.480 | ||
| 63 | 3117.25 | 27.750 | ||
| 75 | 4417.86 | 39.300 |
| Square Size (mm) | Section Area (mm²) | Weight (kg/m) | Available Grades | Temper |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 x 6 | 36 | 0.322 | ETP (C11000), DHP (C12200), DLP (C12000) | Soft / Half-Hard / Hard |
| 8 x 8 | 64 | 0.573 | ||
| 10 x 10 | 100 | 0.895 | ||
| 12 x 12 | 144 | 1.288 | ||
| 16 x 16 | 256 | 2.295 | ||
| 20 x 20 | 400 | 3.580 | ||
| 25 x 25 | 625 | 5.590 | ||
| 32 x 32 | 1024 | 9.160 | ||
| 40 x 40 | 1600 | 14.320 | ||
| 50 x 50 | 2500 | 22.380 |
| Width (mm) | Thickness (mm) | Section Area (mm²) | Weight (kg/m) | Available Grades | Temper |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | 3 | 60 | 0.536 | ETP (C11000), DHP (C12200), DLP (C12000) | Soft / Half-Hard / Hard |
| 25 | 3 | 75 | 0.670 | ||
| 25 | 5 | 125 | 1.120 | ||
| 32 | 5 | 160 | 1.430 | ||
| 40 | 5 | 200 | 1.790 | ||
| 50 | 5 | 250 | 2.240 | ||
| 50 | 8 | 400 | 3.580 | ||
| 63 | 8 | 504 | 4.510 | ||
| 75 | 10 | 750 | 6.710 | ||
| 100 | 10 | 1000 | 8.950 | ||
| 100 | 12 | 1200 | 10.740 | ||
| 125 | 12 | 1500 | 13.420 |
Note: Theoretical weights are calculated at copper density 8.95 g/cm³.
Minor variations occur based on temper, tolerance, and mill processing.
| Parameter | Copper Bars (Flats / Square / Rectangular) | Copper Rods (Round Rods) |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Shape | Flat, Square, or Rectangular Solid Sections | Round Solid Cylindrical Section |
| Typical Manufacturing Process | Hot Rolled / Cold Drawn / Extruded | Continuous Cast Rod / Extruded / Drawn |
| Best For | Busbars, Earthing Strips, Transformer Strips, Switchgear Components | Machined Parts, Fasteners, Electrical Contacts, Fittings |
| Electrical Conductivity | Very High – ideal for current-carrying applications | High – suitable for electrical connectors and terminals |
| Mechanical Machinability | Moderate (depends on thickness & temper) | Excellent (easy to turn, drill, mill & shape) |
| Flexibility / Formability | Limited flexibility; used where rigidity is needed | Better flexibility and uniform deformation properties |
| Strength Characteristics | High structural stability for heavy-duty installations | High tensile strength suitable for rotating & machined parts |
| Common Applications |
• Electrical Busbars • Earthing Systems • Transformer Windings • Switchgear & Control Panels • Industrial Power Distribution |
• Fasteners & Screws • Electrical Terminals & Contacts • Plumbing Parts • Bearings, Bushes, Precision Components • Automotive & HVAC Components |
| Available Tempers | Annealed / Half-Hard / Hard | Soft / Half-Hard / Hard Drawn |
| Common Grades | C11000 (ETP), C12200 (DHP), C12000 (DLP) | C11000 (ETP), C12200 (DHP), C10200 (OFHC) |
| Industries Served | Electrical, Switchgear, Power Distribution, Renewable, Heavy Engineering | Automotive, HVAC, Plumbing, Electrical Connectors, General Engineering |
| Why Choose? | High conductivity, excellent rigidity, ideal for carrying high current safely | Superior machinability, uniform roundness, ideal for precision components |
